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Introduction to Authentication JavaScript

Web development, programming languages, Software testing & others

How an authenticated request is run from JavaScript application?

Different systems require different type of user credentials to ascertain one’s identity. Credentials often have a form of password, that is a secret value and is known to individuals and systems.

There are 3 categories in which a user can be authenticated,

3. Something user has

Identification: This phase provides user’s identity to the security system; it is in the form of the user ID. Security system will search for all abstract objects that are known and find the correct one for which user is applying. With this, user will be identified but what the user claims does not mean to be true as the actual user can be mapped to other abstract users. Hence user must provide some evidence to provide his/ her identity.

Actual phase of Authentication: Process of determining claimed identity of the user by verifying user-provided evidence is Authentication and the evidence provided by the user for authentication is known as credentials.

Top Libraries used for Authentication in JavaScript

1. Passport JS

It is not just a 15k user authentication library but is the most common for JS developers to use this external library for user authentication. This library will provide relatively flexible and middleware for NodeJS applications that can be integrated into any of the ExpressJS based web applications. It is also a community platform that supports various other common authentications like username and password.

It is not a JS library but a service. AuthO is a start-up company that provides wide universal authentication and an authorization platform for mobiles, web, and legacy applications. There are almost 100+ pre-built integrations with AuthO.

3. Permit

As with Passport JS, there were a lot of issues that make the codebase complicated, and hence came Permit, a library that makes it easy for adding an authentication layer to any API. It can be used with any of the popular server frameworks like Express JS, Koa, Fastify, Hapi and can be used with API types like REST, GraphQL, etc. Permit will let user authenticate via two ways, a single secret bearer token or a set of username and password credentials.

4. Grant

5. Feathers Authentication Management

Feathers is an open-source real-time micro-service web framework for NodeJS applications that gives control over the data via RESTful resources, flexible plugins, and sockets. It also provides authentication and management modules that let users add for sign-up verification, forgot password reset, and various other capabilities to feathers authentication. Idea of this is to combine different authentication methods in a flexible infrastructure.

6. Just use Firebase Authentication

This is not a long-term solution for managing user authentication but only for small applications. It is useful in getting the work done quickly in a simple manner for all applications deployed using Firebase. It provides backend services, easy-to-use SDKs, and ready-made libraries to authenticate users to applications. It also supports authentication using phone numbers, passwords, etc.

Conclusion

With this, we shall conclude the topic “Authentication JavaScript”. We have seen what Authentication JavaScript means and how is it implemented using OAuth 2.0. We have also seen the two phases of authentication i.e., Identification and the Actual phase of Authentication. There are also types of Authentication Libraries in JavaScript, out of which some of the top libraries are listed above. Based on the understanding, one can easily choose which type of authentication library would be helpful for their applications. Thanks! Happy Learning!!

How To Run Your Business Better From A Tablet

Getting work done with just a tablet is hard. Many of us carry Android or iOS tablets to stay connected while we’re away from our PC, but without a proper keyboard or mouse it’s difficult to do much more than answer a few emails or play Angry Birds.

Download a Better Keyboard for Increased Productivity

The biggest challenge in working from your tablet is adapting to the lack of a keyboard and mouse. While it’s possible to pick up a portable Bluetooth keyboard, many professionals find working exclusively on tablets appealing because of their portability, and lugging around a bag brimming with peripherals sort of ruins the point. Instead, download apps that make the tablet’s on-screen keyboard work for your needs.

For Apple’s iOS, consider an app like Keyboard Upgrade, which allows you to resize and split up the keyboard to make touchscreen typing more comfortable. Unfortunately keyboard apps on the iPad are of limited use since Apple does not currently permit developers to modify the iOS keyboard that pops up in all applications, and thus apps like Keyboard Upgrade require you to copy what you type and paste it into other applications.

Android tablet users have it much better thanks to excellent keyboard replacement apps like Thumb Keyboard or SwiftKey Tablet X. You can even try a new way of typing with Swype, and each of these keyboard upgrades will upgrade the default Android keyboard across all Honeycomb apps.

Never Lose a Business Card Again

Chantel Atkins owns The Rhythmic Lounge, a streaming music website that unites underground artists and musicians. She runs the website almost exclusively from her iPad 2, relying on common business apps like Google Analytics and QuickOffice Pro. For working professionals looking to streamline their business, Chantel recommends the handy Business Card Reader app for the iPad 2. “This app is great; it allows me to instantly import a business card and all of its information,” she says. “There’s no worry about misunderstanding the phone number or email address and possibly losing touch with that connection.” Those using an Android tablet should check out ABBYY, a business card reader that links up with your LinkedIn and Twitter accounts to help you better connect with new business contacts.

Let Apps Turn Your Tablet Into a High-Tech Swiss Army Knife

Of course you’re not limited to Square if you want to accept credit cards on the road; the mobile payment market is constantly evolving and there are already worthy competitors like Intuit that offer equitably priced mobile payment systems.

Need a Legal Signature on That Document? There’s an App for That

Professionals working in fields that regularly handle sensitive data are understandably hesitant about migrating their business practices to a tablet, but investment banker Harry Ting conducts most of his business and meetings using just an ASUS Eee Pad Transformer tablet and the accompanying keyboard. Ting works for a boutique firm in Dallas and regularly handles sensitive engagement letters and nondisclosure agreements, storing and sharing the documents via DropBox and validating signatures on the go with the Vignature image-based electronic signature app.

How To Run A Java Program From The Command Prompt

Java is one of the most commonly used programming languages. It is also an IDE-intensive programming language, with tight integration with Eclipse. You can run Java programs from the Command Prompt for quick compiling and execution.

If you are just starting to learn Java, this basic guide will help you start running the Java application from the Command Prompt in Windows 10/11.

Installing the Java Development Kit (JDK) in Windows

Before you can run a Java program on your computer, you’ll need to have a dedicated compiler installed. This comes within the Java Standard Edition Development Kit (JDK). It’s an essential tool for developing in Java on any platform.

The JDK is not the same as the Java Runtime Environment (JRE), which you’ll already have installed if you’ve ever used a Java application on your machine.

Download the JDK from Oracle’s website – the Windows version. Download any of the following: an x64 installer (shown in the screen), an x64 compressed archive, or an x64 MSI installer.

Note: if you have just simple use for Java software, make sure you do not download the “Java SE Development Kit for Java SE subscribers,” which is on the same download page. If you wish to use Java’s JRE installation for Microsoft Windows, it has been moved to another page.

Run the installer as you would for any other program and follow the instructions.

Note the Windows location where Java is being installed. It will come in handy later when you’re trying to run Java from the Command Prompt.

The installation should be over in just a few seconds. If it is taking a long time, close all of your other apps from Task Manager and reinstall the software.

You will see a “Successfully Installed” status in the end.

Running a Java Program From the Command Prompt

Create a simple Java program like the one below using Notepad or another text editor.

public

class

HelloWorld

{

public

static

void

main

(

String

[

]

args

)

{

System

out

println

(

"Hello, World!"

)

;

}

Make sure to save the file with the extension “.java” rather than “.txt.”

Open the Command Prompt from the Windows Start Menu, and don’t forget to run it as “Administrator.”

Use the cd command to change your working directory to the directory containing your Java program. To know which directory to go to, check the saved location of Java on your PC as discussed above.

Documents

[

Java-program-folder

]

From here, locate the path to the version of the Java Development Kit (JDK) on your computer. For example, if you’re running 64-bit Windows, that will often be in “C:Program FilesJava.”

Next, set the path to the JDK with the set command:

set

path

;C:Program FilesJavajdk

"Java Version Number"

.bin

You may need to change the directory path to reflect the current version of Java. Make sure you’re using the Java Development Kit (JDK) directory and pointing to the “bin” folder.

Note: the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) folder also contains a “bin” folder but doesn’t hold the Java compiler. If you get errors around the compilation, make sure you’re using the correct directory path.

Compile the Java program with the javac command as shown below. Be warned that you won’t see anything happen. However, if you use the dir command, you’ll notice a new file in your directory ending in the “.class” extension, indicating the program has been compiled.

javac

"Program Name"

.java

Use the java command to run your program:

java

"Program Name"

You’ll see the program run within the Command Prompt window, but there’s one more task you can do to make sure your Java program runs smoothly: set your path.

Setting a Permanent PATH

The above command doesn’t set your Java compiler PATH permanently. It sets the environment variable for that session, but that change will be wiped away when you close the Command Prompt session.

Setting your Java compiler PATH permanently can come in handy if you want your compiled Java programs to run smoothly after a PC reboot. This helps launch the requested programs quickly from the Command Prompt window (or a third-party software like Eclipse).

Follow the steps below to change your PATH variable for all future sessions.

Paste the directory path you used above into the text box. Again, make sure you’re using the Java Development Kit (JDK) directory and not the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) directory next to it.

This article featured a simple Java program, but you can initiate almost any Java program from the Command Prompt. The procedure is straightforward regardless of the nature of your program.

Frequently Asked Questions How can I fix “Java is not recognized as an internal or external command” in Windows?

The best way to fix “Java is not recognized as an internal or external command” is to add Java’s bin directory to your computer’s path, as covered above.

Windows Command Prompt doesn’t show the results of Java command. How can I fix it?

If your Windows Command Prompt doesn’t show the results of a Java command you’ve entered, there are two solutions: run the Command Prompt in Administrator Mode or find your “Java.exe” file in the folder location and open its “Properties.” Then, navigate to the “Compatibility” tab where you will have to uncheck the “Run this program as an administrator” option.

What is the difference between Java and Javascript?

Don’t confuse Java with Javascript, as they are two different entities:

Java came before Javascript. It was founded by Sun Microsystems in 1991-1995. Javascript was founded later by Netscape, an old browser company. Basically, Javascript is a very lightweight version of Java and still commonly used in browsers.

Java is a compiled program, whereas Javascript is interpreted.

Java is a static typed program, whereas Javascript is dynamically typed.

Java uses classes, and Javascript uses prototypes.

Image credit: WrightStudio via AdobeStock. All screenshots by Sayak Boral.

Sayak Boral

Sayak Boral is a technology writer with over eleven years of experience working in different industries including semiconductors, IoT, enterprise IT, telecommunications OSS/BSS, and network security. He has been writing for MakeTechEasier on a wide range of technical topics including Windows, Android, Internet, Hardware Guides, Browsers, Software Tools, and Product Reviews.

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How To Run Multiple Instances Of An App On Android & Mac

Most of the time when you install an app on your Mac and Android devices, the app only allows you to use one account at a time on that device. This works just fine when you only hold a single account with that app. But the problem arises when you have multiple accounts and you wish to use them all at the same time on the same device.

One of the ways to do that is to run multiple instances of the app. By default, your device doesn’t offer the option to do this but there is a workaround to make it happen.

Table of Contents

Use Terminal To Run Multiple Copies Of The Same App (Mac)

On a Mac machine, the Terminal app lets you perform a number of tasks using various commands. It includes a command that allows you to run two or more instances of an app on your machine.

That way, you can launch an app multiple times, each with their own independent container. Each instance will be isolated from the others so there won’t be any mixing up of anything.

Here’s how you do it.

Launch the Terminal app from the Launchpad.

The command will open an instance of your chosen app on your Mac. Run the command multiple times to launch multiple instances of that app on your machine.

Launch Multiple Instances Of The Same App Using AppleScript

The Terminal method works just fine but the main drawback of the method is that you need to run the command each time you want to launch an instance of an app.

If you often need multiple instances of an app running at the same time, using Terminal to do the task may not be the ideal way.

Press Command + S to save the script. Enter a name for the script, select Application from the File Format menu, and hit Save.

Now the script you’ve just saved and it’ll do the task for you. You can create the script for any of your apps as all it requires as an input is the path of the app on your machine.

Run Multiple Instances Of An App Using Parallel Space (Android)

Compared to Mac, the ability to run multiple instances of an app on an Android device is more useful. The reason is because you can run your favorite instant messaging apps like WhatsApp and Viber with different phone numbers at the same time on your device.

There’s no Terminal on Android so you’ll need to grab an app from the Google Play Store. The app is called Parallel Space.

Install and launch the app, then go through the welcome screens. When the main screen appears, choose the app you’d like to clone and tap on Add to Parallel Space at the bottom.

Tap on the app icon on the following screen and grant the required permissions.

The app will launch as if it’s the first time you’ve used it on your device.

Open Two Instances Of An App Using 2Accounts On Android

If the Parallel Space app didn’t work for you for some reason, you have another great app to help you create multiple instances of your apps.

Enter 2Accounts, that lets you do the exact same thing as the Parallel Space app.

Grab the app from the official Google Play Store and install it on your device.

Open the app, choose the app you’d like to run multiple instances of, and tap on Enable at the bottom.

Tap on your app on the following screen and an instance of it will launch on your device.

You may now add your additional accounts to the newly created instance of the app and start using them right away.

If you no longer need an instance of an app, simply tap and hold on the app in either of the above apps and select Delete. It will delete the instance along with the associated files from your device.

Feature Request: How Apple Could Improve Its Built

Messages

I think Messages could learn a lot from Facebook’s Messenger app — stickers are great, group read receipts are a no-brainer, and stuff Messages can do like sending photos and location is just easier on Messenger — but I’d really like Apple to pick up the Digital Touch features from Apple Watch and bring them to Messages.

I understand that they’re novelty features meant to be unique to Apple Watch, but these notifications are the easiest to miss when mixed in with a list of other alerts and you can’t see the alerts or content on iPhone. Messages would be a great place to view (if not send!) sketches and taps. The Taptic Engine included starting with iPhone 6s even makes deciphering heart beats sent possible; you’d just need an Apple Watch to send one back.

Calendar

I really want three things from my calendar app: solid natural language input for adding appointments, a streamlined list view for browsing appointments, and occasionally a good year view for looking at dates far away, all things third-party apps currently do much better than Apple. Apple’s Calendar app gets the year-view right and has the benefit of displaying the current date on the app icon, but it misses the mark on great language parsing and an easy-to-use list view.

For those reasons (and more), I’m all in on Fantastical for iPhone and Apple Watch, iPad, and Mac, but aside from sherlocking the competition, I can’t see why Apple hasn’t devoted more attention to its Calendar app already.

Photos

As a dad, I spend a ton of time using my iPhone as an always-with-me camera, organizing photos in albums, and turning them into postcards, calendars, and screen savers. For me, iCloud Photo Library does exactly what it’s supposed to do: keeps my library in sync across all my devices including edits and albums, and frees up space on low-capacity drives.

But not even iCloud Photo Library gets family libraries right yet, and the Shared Photo Stream created by Family Sharing is so not the answer. Google Photos makes progress here with Shared Albums. Rather than creating a dedicated album intended to be shared, you just create an album as you would normally, then have the option to share that album with family and friends. It’s still a bit of work and doesn’t totally solve the family photos problem, but it’s a step in the right direction.

While you’re at it, Apple, could you throw iCloud storage upgrades in with Family Sharing? We don’t all need paid 200GB accounts with 75GB free. 🙂 One more thing: Projects from Photos on OS X would be killer on the iPad Pro.

Camera

As mentioned above, I spend a lot of time in the Camera app capturing and sharing snapshots of my daughter quickly growing up. I’m mostly content with the Camera app, but I rarely (if ever) use filters or the square cropped camera. Filters can be removed during editing, but a square-shot image is forever.

I’d love to be able to optionally have other actions and cameras in place of filters and square. A 16:9 cropped camera might be useful, but I’d really like to see a camera that automatically puts photos and videos shot in a dedicated album. Assume we stick with the Shared Photo Streams model for families: this would be made more useful if the Camera app had a dedicated camera for this Photo Stream. Make the ‘families camera’ default during a vacation; save the square camera for … nope, I can’t think of a good reason. Upthere’s Camera app takes a similar approach.

Weather

That’s a nice-looking Weather app there. It even has a unique layout in landscape on Plus-sized iPhones. Fewer stock apps is generally better than more, but in this case I’ll make an exception for the Weather app. I’d love to have this exact app on iPad. Sometimes-9to5Mac-police-sketch-artist Michael Steeber even proposed a concept on Dribbble … over two years ago.

Clock

Did you know you could set a song as your alarm in the Clock app? It’s a nice feature if you want to wake up to something more pleasant than the sound of someone’s iPhone ringing, but if you wake up at 6 a.m. to your favorite song too many times, that might not be your favorite song anymore. What would be even better would be setting a playlist as your alarm so the song is somewhat random. Want to go full-blown clock radio? Let Apple Music subscribers set stations as alarms. “Siri, wake me up to Taylor Swift Radio at 6 am.”

Maps

Google Maps just aces lane guidance, which was previously only available on medium- to high-end dedicated GPS units. Apple Maps instead pulls out lines like “keep right ahead” in the middle of a 100 mile stretch with a slight fork in the road. Referencing the map on-screen is fine with CarPlay, but the more audio cues, the better.

Finally, allowing for an extra step or two (or more!) when mapping out your trip would be great. I want to drive from Mississippi to Florida but definitely stop at Shake Shack on the way. Or seeing the full, round trip with fuel cost estimates. There’s still plenty of room for improvement here.

Wallet

Person-to-person payments over Apple Pay is rumored for 2023, and that’s exactly what I want to see added to the Wallet app. The feature is rumored to work over iMessage, which is encrypted, to securely send messages, but the Wallet app is naturally where I’d start this process (and add a button to Messages). I’ve frequently used Square’s Cash app to do what Wallet will hopefully be able to do later this year.

Another thought: I’d love to keep a front and back photo of my driver’s license and insurance card in the Wallet app hidden behind Touch ID. Starting with iOS 9.3, you can do that with Notes, and I already do this with 1Password, but Wallet seems like the natural place with this information. Apple may not want to mix the physical and digital world together so much with Wallet though, until our driver’s licenses and insurance cards are actually stored in Wallet like our credit cards and boarding passes (or somewhere in our Apple Car?).

Notes

iOS 9.3 includes a generous update to the already much-improved Notes app thanks to Touch ID and password-protected Notes. Going further, I’d love to be able to share specific notes with my wife. We already share a shopping list using Reminders; similarly, being able to share individual notes with family would be useful.

Since Notes gained a share extension, I’ve been using it in Safari to save URLs to house listings and things I want to buy for around the house. Being able to add my wife to the note as a contributor would be terrific.

Phone

iOS 9 and Proactive made the Phone app a bit smarter when it comes to handling unknown numbers. If a phone number calls you that isn’t saved in your contacts but is found in your local iCloud email, the Phone app will try to sometimes suggest an identity for the person calling. I’ve seen it in action maybe once, but I usually end up Googling an unknown number when I’m filtering calls and the caller doesn’t leave a voicemail.

How great were the days of Caller ID? Scraping the Internet for the identity of a specific phone number may not be easy, but an option to search the web for an unknown number would be better than the copy and paste (and remove location description) method that I’m using now.

Mail

With the demise of Mailbox we saw rise to plenty of competing email apps like Airmail and Spark gain snooze features. I’m sure plenty of people would be happy to see similar snooze features on emails in Mail too.

For me, I’d really love to see Mail-specific Do Not Disturb. You can currently filter alerts by VIP contacts or set system-wide Do Not Disturb, but I’d love to tell Mail that I’m in front of my Mac from 9 am to 5 pm on Monday through Friday and don’t want to see most email on the weekend.

Music

Okay, the Music app still has plenty of room for improvement — especially anything Apple Music-related — but there’s one small feature related to 3D Touch that I’d love to see: Shazam integration. Siri already integrates Shazam for recognizing music (although it was better when it was automatic and didn’t require asking Siri to identify a song), and putting a nice Shazam button in the 3D Touch quick actions list would make the service even more accessible.

Of course the Shazam app itself has a nice 3D Touch shortcut for identifying content, but that’s too much of a feature and not enough of an app to belong on my Home screen or dock. There’s even room for one more thing on Music’s 3D Touch quick actions list. 🙂 And Music on iPad could use a better video player that works with picture-in-picture.

FaceTime

Finally, I’ll send you off with one last request: FaceTime Video Messages. This feature is technically already available, but it’s presented in a way that doesn’t work quite like I would like. When you FaceTime call someone and they don’t pick up, you’re presented with an option to leave a message using the Messages app. This is fine as you can send an iMessage text, photo, or even video recording, but the alert and message content tie to iMessage, not FaceTime, which can remove the context and be confusing. The other person does see that they missed a FaceTime call, and that you sent an iMessage, but encouraging the caller to record a short video message and letting the recipient know that it was explicitly a FaceTime Video Message would feel like a more mature system and likely encourage use.

There are apps like iCloud Drive which I’d like to see become a whole lot more like Dropbox, and Game Center which I’d like to see become a setting and not just a standalone app. Then there’s always the dream of being able to remove some of the built-in apps … maybe one day.

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How To Install An Electrical Outlet From Scratch (With Pictures)

Determine load. Based on the load you want to serve, (meaning how much current in amps will be needed from the outlets) a 14-2 Romex® cable, which is a relatively thin cable suitable for up to 15 amps (or 12 amps continuous load) could be selected. Otherwise, a 12-2 Romex® cable, which is one size larger than 14-2 Romex® cable and suitable for up to 20 amp circuits (or 16 amps continuous load) is the other size cable installed for outlets. Most home’s outlets are wired with 14-2 Romex®, that supply up to 8 outlets per circuit. Oversimplified, the National Electrical Code (NEC) mandates outlets in the kitchen and dining room must be served by 20 amp circuits. A 12-2 Romex® circuit would provide for this (installing a 30 amp dryer outlet or 50 amp range / welding outlet is beyond the scope of this article, but is similar).

Inspect your breaker box prior to running a new cable to make sure you have additional space for breakers. It is best to identify what type of panel you have and whether or not the breakers are available or obsolete. Part of this process involves removing the dead front assembly (the door over your breakers) and looking inside at the bussing. This can potentially be dangerous if you accidentally short out the metal plate to the bussing in the panel. Depending on the type of panel it can be relatively simple or very hazardous. Murray or Bryant type panels usually are the safest to install into. If your panel happens to be a Zinsco, Stablok or Pushmatic you can set yourself up for serious problems trying to do this yourself. For instance on Pushmatic panels the bussing is usually energized. Without the proper knowledge you could accidentally short the bussing out and cause a catastrophic failure (phase to ground or phase to phase short). The symmetrical amperage faults available are only limited by the primary fusing on the transformer and the overall design of the system. Just something to keep in mind when doing this job yourself. I would recommend disconnecting power and removing the meter and ring if possible to eliminate hazards. This too is often outside the scope of do it yourself type work.

Run a cable from the circuit breaker panel to your new outlet location. Romex® cable (“Type NM” cable) is the easiest to work and least expensive way to accomplish this, and is the wiring method used in this wiki.

Size circuit breaker for wire size. If a 14-2 cable is run from the panel to the outlet, then a 15 amp circuit breaker is the largest that can be used to protect that circuit. If a 12-2 cable is run from the panel to the outlet, then a 20 amp circuit breaker is the largest that can be installed to protect the circuit.

Support cable. Starting at the panel, route the Romex® to the outlet. Pull about a foot of cable beyond the outlet and the balance of the Romex® coil on the floor at the panel. Staple the Romex® (where exposed) neatly back to the panel driving insulated staples every three feet and 18 inches (45.7 cm) from every box that has cable clamps / connector or 12 inches (30.5 cm) from those without a clamp / connector.

Install cable into box. Push the cable into the box opening / connector until only about an inch of jacketed cable is inside the box. The outlet location needs to have the wire installed into an old work/new work box which is either to be cut in to wallboard or nailed to the wall/stud. Use of plastic or fiber electrical boxes are quicker to work than steel boxes because they do not require additional grounding. A steel box must be grounded so that it does not require the device for it to be grounded (pigtailing the ground to the device AND the box solves this).

The ground wire is usually green and connects to the green terminal.[3]

Remove the panel cover, and set aside. Even though you have turned off the power, there are STILL live parts in the panel, particularly the large cable that feeds the main / service disconnect switch. Exercise extreme caution working near this switch.

Remove a 7/8″ diameter pre-punched “knock out” from the panel. This 7/8″ opening in the trade is called a “half inch k o” You need to have a

1⁄2

inch (1.3 cm) (trade size) connector to insert in the k o, to transition the cable from outside the panel to the inside. These are available in a variety of styles, and materials. The easiest to install are the low profile plastic push in type. Regardless of type, use the type that is suitable for “NM” Type (Non-Metallic) or Romex® cable and is the same size as the k o removed.

Inspect the panel. The panel has one or more terminal bars to the left and / or right or bottom of the circuit breakers. Look carefully at the bar(s). Determine if you have: two or more bars and that the white wires are NOT mixed with bare / green wires. (this arrangement has separate neutral and ground bars); or if you have one or two bars that has both whites and bare / green wires mixed in both bars (this arrangement has combined neutral and ground bars, and more common in typical residential settings). Regardless of which type you have, you must maintain the integrity of the grounding and neutral systems by duplicating the termination scheme outlined below.

Connect the neutral and ground wires. The white and ground (bare) wires are to be secured under the bar(s) in the main panel. Cut these wires to length PLUS 12 inches (30.5 cm) or so of slack. If you have the combined neutral and ground style, secure these two wires in terminals as close together as possible. Do not install BOTH wires in the same terminal! If you have separate neutral and ground bars, install the wires in the respective terminal bar.

Remove circuit breaker k o from panel cover. Once complete, you will probably have to remove the appropriate rectangular metal k o for the new circuit breaker on the cover of the panel. After doing so, reinstall the cover onto the panel.

Restore power to the panel. Do not stand in front of the panel, but rather to the SIDE of the panel and set the Main / Service Disconnect switch to ON. Next, move the new circuit breaker handle to ON and it will power up your electrical outlet that you have just installed.

Test the work. Use a meter or plug the appliance or device into the outlet and turn it on. Verify that it is working and return to the panel. Listen for hum and or crackling. Either condition is indicative of a potential connection failure or heat build up. Label the circuit breaker.

Do NOT install breakers from another manufacturer because “they fit” or even packaging states it is for use in these panels. Installing these breakers VOIDS the UL listing and can result in insurance problems if there is an electrical fire.

Plug circuits installed in bedrooms require use of an Arc Fault circuit breaker(s). Plugs installed in but not limited to basements, garages, outdoors, or indoors and accessible from grade, bathrooms, etc. will require a Ground Fault circuit breaker or plug, UNLESS it is dedicated to a “fixed” appliance such as a washer, refrigerator, etc.

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